ZESZYT Nr 34/ 2018 Abstrakty Volume No. 34/2018 Abstracts |
2. The
impact of phytosanitary treatments in the soil with signs of fatigue on
the growth of apple seedlings and populations of bacteria and fungi – P. Sobiczewski, W. Treder, H. Bryk, K. Klamkowski, D. Krzewińska, A. Mikiciński, S. Berczyński, A. Tryngiel Gać Abstract. The
object of research was the soil from an orchard after 27 years of apple
cultivation, showing signs of fatigue resulting in weaker growth of
apple seedlings planted into it, and the soil sampled on the same farm,
but not used for growing fruit trees. The physicochemical properties of
both soils did not differ significantly. In sick soil, no pathogens of
fungal or fungi-like origin were found, and the number of nematodes was
below the threshold of economic threat. There is a suspicion that
abiotic factors could be responsible for soil fatigue. It has been
demonstrated that the cultivation of spring and winter wheat, triticale
and white mustard before planting apple ‘Antonovka’ seedlings, had a
positive impact on their growth. The best effect was obtained after the
cultivation of white mustard or after the introduction of mustard seed
meal into the soil, which was also confirmed by measurements of the
intensity of apple seedlings photosynthesis. The cultivation of these
phytosanitary plants or the addition of mustard seed meal positively
influenced the biological potential of the soil expressed by a
significant increase in the population of bacteria from the genera
Pseudomonas and Bacillus. There was also a very large increase in the
number of Trichoderma spp. fungi after the addition of mustard seed
meal into the soil and winter wheat cultivation. keywords: replant disease, cereals, white mustard, Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp., Trichoderma spp. |